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The tariffs under Section 301 for importing into the United States went into effect on July 24, 2026. All exports from Italy and Europe to the United States are subject to the import tariffs under Section 301
For the calculation of tariffs for importing into the USA, you can visit this page on the ExportUSA website:
https://www.exportusa.us/novita-dazi-stati-uniti.php
For the list of products exempt from the tariffs under Section 301 when importing into the United States, you can visit this page on the ExportUSA website:
https://www.exportusa.us/esenzione-dazi-section-301.php
The U.S. tariffs under Section 301 of the Trade Act are imposed in response to discriminatory and anti-competitive practices against trade with the United States by foreign countries. Section 301 tariffs are fundamentally different from the current U.S. tariffs under Section 122, as well as the IEEPA tariffs, which have a short-term emergency nature.
Although historically used as a pressure tool in World Trade Organization (WTO) disputes, the tariffs under Section 301 have gradually evolved into a central mechanism of trade pressure. From 2017 onwards, its use has intensified structurally, reflecting a bipartisan consensus on the disruptive impact of certain industrial policies adopted by some foreign countries on American competitiveness.
In March 2026, the USTR launched two investigations that significantly expand the scope of Section 301
The first investigation concerns structural overcapacity phenomena in 16 major economies, including China, the European Union, Japan, India, and Mexico. The USTR is checking if foreign countries maintain production levels unrelated to domestic demand and export levels, often through:
These dynamics lead to overproduction phenomena and persistent trade surpluses considered harmful to the U.S. industry. According to the USTR, these practices:
The second investigation concerns the application of forced labor regulations. It particularly analyzes whether about 60 trade partners have failed to adopt or effectively enforce bans on imports of goods produced through forced labor.
The distinction between Section 301 and the U.S. tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) is both procedural and legal.
The tariffs resulting from ongoing investigations could take effect as early as mid-2026 in anticipation of the expiration of the temporary tariffs under Section 122 on July 24, 2026
The process provided by Section 301 also offers opportunities for intervention for interested parties. The regulations indeed require the USTR to ensure the possibility of presenting observations and actively participating in the decision-making process.